Humoral immune responses to vaccination or infection involve the activation of rare antigen-specific B cells, their clonal expansion and differentiation into antibody-secreting plasma cells (PCs). PCs ...

Influenza vaccination is central to reducing morbidity and mortality. However, vaccine-induced immune responses vary considerably across vaccine platforms. Hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) titers are ...

However, details of the intervening steps, as researchers have learned in the past 65 years, are quite complex — certain cells carry the flu antigen to the immune system, specific immune cells respond ...

T-bet expression is required for persistence of memory B cells that have rapid differentiation potential to become antibody-producing plasma cells in response to a second infection BIRMINGHAM, Ala. – ...