I love new security testing tools. There is nothing quite like finding some magical bits of code allowing you to use and abuse protocols in unique and unnatural ways. I was introduced to Loki at ...

Layer-3 blockchains refer to a layer of blockchain technology built on top of base layers to provide customized application-specific blockchains tailored to users’ needs. Typically, L2s intend to ...

At the core of blockchain networks lies a fundamental architectural principle called layering. Layering in blockchain refers to organizing different functionalities and protocols into separate layers, ...

The third layer of the OSI Model, the network layer, is where most network engineers focus their time and expertise. As Darragh commented in my post on the data link layer, Layer 2 is cool but Layer 3 ...

While layer-2 protocols have been focused on “scalability,” layer-3 protocols would serve a much different purpose, says Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin. While Ethereum-based layer-2 solutions ...

Producers of mobile phones and mobile infrastructure are working on the next big step in the development of the universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS): UMTS long term evolution (LTE). The ...

As important as Spanning Tree has been to the acceptance and spread of Ethernet, making it possible to link Ethernet segments without creating loops and packet storms, its inventor, Radia Perlman, ...